苍术

株：多年生草本。

茎：茎单生或簇生,茎枝疏被蛛丝状毛。

叶：中下部茎生叶圆形、倒卵形、偏斜卵形、卵形或椭圆形，3-5(7-9)羽状深裂或半裂，基部楔形或宽楔形，侧裂片1-2(3-4)对，椭圆形、长椭圆形或倒卵状长椭圆形，几无柄；中部以上或上部茎生叶不裂，倒长卵形、倒卵状长椭圆形或长椭圆形；或全部茎生叶不裂；中部茎生叶倒卵形、长倒卵形、倒披针形或长倒披针形；叶硬纸质，两面绿色，无毛。

花：头状花序单生茎枝顶端；总苞钟状，径1-1.5厘米，总苞片5-7层，最外层及外层卵形或卵状披针形，中层长卵形、长椭圆形或卵状长椭圆形，内层线状长椭圆形或线形；苞叶针剌状羽状全裂或深裂。小花白色。

果：瘦果倒卵圆形，密被白色长直毛；冠毛刚毛褐色或污白色。

多年生草本。茎单生或簇生,茎枝疏被蛛丝状毛。中下部茎生叶圆形、倒卵形、偏斜卵形、卵形或椭圆形，3-5(7-9)羽状深裂或半裂，基部楔形或宽楔形，侧裂片1-2(3-4)对，椭圆形、长椭圆形或倒卵状长椭圆形，几无柄；中部以上或上部茎生叶不裂，倒长卵形、倒卵状长椭圆形或长椭圆形；或全部茎生叶不裂；中部茎生叶倒卵形、长倒卵形、倒披针形或长倒披针形；叶硬纸质，两面绿色，无毛。头状花序单生茎枝顶端；总苞钟状，径1-1.5厘米，总苞片5-7层，最外层及外层卵形或卵状披针形，中层长卵形、长椭圆形或卵状长椭圆形，内层线状长椭圆形或线形；苞叶针剌状羽状全裂或深裂。小花白色。瘦果倒卵圆形，密被白色长直毛；冠毛刚毛褐色或污白色。花果期6-10月。

分布：俄罗斯远东地区、朝鲜半岛及日本

产地：黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河北、山西、河南、山东、安徽、江苏、浙江、江西、湖北、湖南、四川东部、甘肃东南部及陕西秦岭

生境：山坡草地、林下、灌丛或岩缝中

Atractylodes Lancea (Thunb.) DC. Prodr. 7: 48. 1838; Koidz. Fl. Symb. Or.——Asiat. 3.1930, 江苏南部种子植物手册794页, 282图, 1959;中国高等植物图鉴4: 601页, 6615图, 1975; 石铸, 植物分类学报19 (3): 321, 1981. ——Atractylis lancea Thunb. Fl. Jap. 306. 1784 et Pl. Jap. Nov. Sp. 9. 1824; Nakai in Tokyo Bot. Mag. 42: 477. 1928; Ling in Contr. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peip. 3: 132. 1935; Hand.-Mazz. in Act. Hort. Gothob. 12:310. 1938; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18:215. 1965. ——Atractylis ovata Thunb., Fl. Jap. 306. 1784; Maxim. in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. Sav. Etrang. 9: 172. 1859; Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 459. 1888; Kom. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 25: 714. 1905; Chen in Bull. Fan. Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 5: 77. 1934; S. Y. H u in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18: 312. 1965. ——Acarna chinensis Bunge in mem. Acad. Sci St. Petersb. Sav. Etrag. 2: 110. 1833. ——Atractylis chinensis (Bunge) DC. Prodr. 6: 549. 1937; Hand.-Mazz. in Act. Hort. Gothob. 12: 308. 1938; Kitag., Lineam. Fl. Manch. 439. 1939; 东北植物检索表410页, 图版143, 图2, 1959; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18: 310. 1965. ——Atractylodes ovata (Thunb.) DC. Prodr. 7: 48. 1838; Koidz., Fl. Symb. Or.-Asiat. 4. 1930; Bobr. in Fl. URSS 27: 89. 1962. ——Atractylodes lyrata Sieb. et Zucc. in Abh. Bayer Akad. wiss. Math.-Phys. Cl. 4(3): 193. 1846; Koidz. Fl. Symb. Or.-Asiat. 5. 1930; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan. Mus. 18: 216. 1965. ——Giraldia stapfii Baroni in Nouv. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 4: 431. 1897 et. in Webbia 1: 85. 1905. ——Atractylis ovata Thunb. var. simplicifolia. Loes. in Englcr, Bot. Jahrb. 34: 74. 1904 et in Beih. Bot. Centrabl. 37: 195. 1919. ——Atractylis ovata f. lyratifolia Kom. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 25: 716. 1907. ——Atractylis ovata Thunb. f. simplicifolia (Loes.) Kom. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 25: 716. 1907. ——Atractylis ovata Thunb). f. amurensis Freyn ex Kom. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 25: 716. 1907. ——Atractylis separata Bailey, GentesHerb. 1: 47. 1920; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Jour n. Taiwan Mus. 18: 217. 1965. ——Atractylodes erossodentata Koidz., Fl. Symb. Or.—Asiat. 6. 1930. ——Atractylodes chinensis (Bunge) Koidz. Fl. Symb. Or.—Asiat. 4. 1930; Kitag. Index Pl. Jehol. 94. 1936; Kitam. in Act. Phytotax. et Geobot. 7: 67. 1938;中国高等植物图鉴4: 602页, 6618图, 1975.——Atractylodes chinensis (Bunge) Koidz. var. simplicifolia (Loes.) Kitag. in Rep. First. Sci. Exped. Manch. 4 (4): 94. 1936. ——Atractylis chinensis (Bunge) DC. f. simplicifolia (Loes) Hand.-Mazz. in Act. Hort. Gothob. 12:308. 1938; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18: 311. 1965. ——Atractylis chinensis (Bunge) DC. f. erossodentata (Koidz.) Hand. -Mazz. in Act. Hort. Gothob. 12:308. 1938; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18: 310. 1965. ——Atractylis chinensis (Bunge) DC. f. stapfii (Baroni) Hand.-Mazz. in Act. Hort. Gothob. 12: 308. 1938; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Jurn. Taiwan Mus. 18: 311. 1965. ——Atractylis chinensis (Bunge.) DC. var. loeseneri Kitag. in Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manch. 3: 439. 1939. ——Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. var. chin ensis (Bunge) Kitam. in Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 16: 63. 1940 et in Journ. Jap. Bot. 20: 194. 1944. ——Atractylis chinensis (Bunge) DC. var. liaotungensis Kitag. in Journ. Jap. Bot. 19: 114. 1943; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18: 311. 1965. ——Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. var. simplicifolia (Loes.) Kitam. in Journ. Jap. Bot. 20: 195. 1944. ——Atractylis chinensis (Bunge) DC. var. quiqueloba Bar. et Sk. 东北植物检索表, 410页, 1959年. ——Atractylis chinensis (Bunge) DC. var. simplicifolia (Loes.) Chu,东北植物检索表, 410页, 1959年.